SIGHTS  
• Nikopolis ad Istrum

Nikopolis ad Istrum is a Roman and an early Byzantine town founded in 101-106 AD by the Roman emperor Trajan to honour the victories over the Daci tribes, which lived in the lands of today’s Romania. The ruins of that town are situated near the village of Nikup, close to the town of Veliko Turnovo, capital of the Second Bulgarian State during the Middle Ages, and one of the most picturesque Bulgarian towns.

• The “Deaf Stones”

The cult site “Deaf Stones” represents an isolated 10-meter high rock, and a number of smaller ones. On different places and heights on the rock the so-called rock bays are engraved. They are one of the phenomena of the ancient Thracian culture, which have been examined for decades, but still very little is revealed. There is also one ritual staircase with two rays separated by a platform, after which the staircase changes its direction.

• The Thracian tomb and the Fortress near Mezek

There are traces of settlements, funeral hills and sanctuaries left by the Thracians almost at every turn in the Eastern Rhodopes. One of those legacies is the well preserved monumental beehive tomb near the village of Mezek, dated to 4th century BC. It is located at about 10 km from Svilengrad and probably belonged to a Thracian ruler. An interesting fact is that a bronze statue of a wild boar was found near the tomb. The archaeologists think that the owner of the tomb was a hunter.

The Mezek Fortress is the best extant of all Bulgarian fortresses and castles. It was dated to 11th century. Some scientists suppose this is the glorious fortress Versinikia where in 813 the Byzantine army was defeated by the Bulgarian army led by Khan Krum.

• The Thracian Tomb near Tatul - Burial Place of the Legendary Orpheus

The ancient Thracians’ tomb mausoleum and sanctuary were made before Romans came to the Balkans. The tomb was completely hollowed out into a rock with a ritual stairway leading to it. Niches, solar circles and buildings are hollowed out. There is a wonderful view to the green hills of the Rhodopes from here. The tomb is near to the most western houses of the village of Tatul. It is a monolithic rock, processed by human hand into a big pretty roughly made pyramid. It is about 4.5 m high and 6 m wide at its base.
At the top the pyramid ends up with a ground slightly elevated in the middle. An irregular 1.87 m long grave is hollowed out here in such a way that its sides do not form angles or edges. There was a lid to cover the grave, but it is now missing.

• The Fortress of Perperikon

The Fortress of Perperikon is located 20 km north-east of the town of Kardjali in Southern Bulgaria. This archaeological ensemble is typical for its rich stratigraphy, with the earliest discovered strata dating to the Iron Age. The fortification, which was built in antiquity, had been continuously developed and reconstructed through the Middle Ages: documents from the 13th and 14th centuries mention it under the name of Hyperperikon.

• Veliko Turnovo

Veliko Turnovo was capital of the Bulgarian Kingdom for more than 200 years from 1185 until 1393. It is picturesquely situated between the hills of Tsarevets, Trapezitsa, Momina Fortress, Sveta Gora, and along the banks of Yantra River, the beautiful river winding around them. This is the reason why the main city of the Bulgarians used to be described by medieval chroniclers as "the most inaccessible and marvellous of all towns along Hems".
Immersed by the splendour and glamour of Turnovgrad, European rulers used to call it "the third Rome and the second Constantinople". The administrative and religious life in the capital was concentrated on Tsarevets. The area of the entire hill is 110,000m2 and it was protected by a solid fortress wall. Behind the wall were the King's Palace and the Patriarchate. This was the place where the Council of the Boyars (the nobility) gathered, the envoys of foreign countries were accepted and the guests of the Court given welcoming receptions.

• The Baba Vida castle

The Baba Vida castle construction was initiated in the second half of the 10th century over the walls and the tower of the Roman fortress. The principal construction dates from the end of 12th century until the end of the 14th century. Together with the moat, the fortress served as the defence of the town. Today, Baba Vida is a national cultural memorial and tourist attraction. The Baba Vida castle is the only medieval Bulgarian castle entirely preserved.

• Arbanassi

Arbanassi is a unique settlement, founded at the end of the 15th century by Christians who had come from the south-western parts of the Balkans. Today Arbanassi is an architectural and museum reserve. It is a picturesque open-air museum of cultural heritage, which includes 80 houses, most impressive of which are the Konstanzalieva, Hadji-ilieva, Hadji-kostova, Chamurova, Kandilarova and Lecheva, as well as 5 churches ("Rozhdestvo Hristovo" with more than 3,600 frescoes, "St. George", "St. Dimitar", "St. Atanas", "Archangels St.Mihail and St. Gavrail".

• The Bridge of Mustafa Pasha
The bridge over Maritza River was constructed under Mustafa Pasha’s – Vizier of Sultan Suleiman I Magnificent – order. Construction year is 1529, as shown through number significations of Arab letters in the last two words in the inscription on the bridge: Hassana Abadie, e.g. Eternal Good Deed. Thus constructing the bridge Mustafa Pasha was accepted as a founder of the new settlement named Svilengrad.
The bridge is 295 m long and parapets are made out of entire stones. There are total of 706 parapet pieces, 353 on each side.
• Rila Monastery

This monastery is a holy place for all Bulgarians, for it preserved their pride, national identity, faith and hope through the centuries. It was founded in the 10th century by followers of the Bulgarian hermit St. Ivan Rilski (St. John of Rila). The monastery is one of the most significant cultural centres in Bulgaria, where through the centuries intensive spiritual, educational and creative activities flourished. It was in close contact with spiritual centres abroad. After a devastating fire, the monastery was completely rebuilt in the 19th century.
It is the biggest renaissance monument in Bulgaria. It is an architectural - artistic composition of enormous dimensions, an apogee of the work of the renaissance craftsmen, icon-painters, wood-carvers, artisans in the artistic area where architecture and the decorative and monumental painting of stone, wood and metal are combined. The defensive tower of Khrelio, built in the 14th century, can be found in the yard.

• Batoshevo Monastery
The Medieval Batoshevo Monastery is at 20 km to the north-east of Apriltsi and at 4 km south of the village of Batoshevo. With its splendid architecture and marvellous frescoes, altars and fret iconostasis the Batoshevo Monastery is extremely attractive. The area of the Batoshevo Monastery is suitable for one day tours as well as a longer stay. The nunnery has rooms for sleeping and a restaurant. The restaurant itself is also an attraction - it is an old watermill, which has been restored.
• Klisura Monastery St. St. Cyril and Metodii

The Klisura monastery stands out in a picturesque place in the western part of the Balkan mountain, at the foot of the Todorini Kukli peak and close to the holiday town of Vurshets. It dates back to the time of the Second Bulgarian State. During the Ottoman rule, the monastery was repeatedly raided and destroyed. In 1862, on the very holiday of St. St .Cyril and Metodii, the cloister was burnt to ashes while all monks and pilgrims were slaughtered by a Turkish pasha, Yusuf Bey Pasha from the town of Berkovitsa.
The monastery was reconstructed in a design similar to its Renaissance one in 1869 by its first donor, archimandrite Antim Damyanov while the church, St. St. Cyril and Metodii, was officially consecrated in 1891 by Vidin’s metropolitan bishop.

• The Aladzha Monastery
The Aladzha Monastery is one of the many medieval rock monasteries found in the north-eastern part of Bulgaria. It was inhabited by hermits in the 13th - 14th centuries. The name “Aladzha” is of Turkish origin, meaning ‘patterned’. Monastic cells and a small church have been cut out on two levels in the almost 40-meter high limestone rock. Differently coloured frescoes are still discernible on its walls.
• Pirin National Park

The park covers an area of 26,479.8 hectares. It includes parts of the mountain which are more than 1,000m above sea level with unique ecosystems, areas with specific geomorphology, a large number of Bulgarian and Balkan endemic species and relicts. There are a few trees declared to be natural heritage, including the "Baikusheva" white fir, more than 1,200 years old, 16m high and with a circumference of 5.70m. The park also contains 70 glacial lakes, many caves, waterfalls, majestic abysses and cliffs.
The areas of natural beauty include the Bunderishki caves, Kazana, Kioshkata, the rock formation Pirostiata, the Demianishki Skok and Iulenski Skok waterfalls, the natural reserve "Baiuvi dupki - Jinjiritsa" etc. The mountain is almost impassable. Roads have been made from Bansko, Sandanski, Gotze Delchev etc.

• Rila National Park
Rila National Park is the largest national park in Bulgaria. It is located about 100 km south of Sofia, in the central and highest regions of the Rila Mountains. The name Rila is derived from the Thracian word “roula”, meaning ‘lots of water’. The Park contains rare and endangered wildlife species, self-regulating ecosystems of biological diversity, as well as historic sites of global cultural and scientific significance. Some of the largest rivers in the Balkan Peninsula originate here.
• Golden Sands Nature Park

Forests cover 90% of the area of Golden Sands Nature Park. The variegated mosaic of trees is formed by species which are typical for the lower parts of Bulgaria – turkey oak, Hungarian oak Pubescens oak, hornbeam camon maple, lime, etc. In the wet zones numerous lianas grow between the trees –Ivy, Traveller’s Joy. Along the steep rocky hills in the northeast part of the park grow thermophilic types of species – lilac, jasmine, Christ’s horn etc.
In the southern part of the park, having survived the trials of time, a two hundred-year-old oriental plane tree grows. The size of the ancient tree is impressive – it is 23 meters high and its trunk is 4 meters in diameter. Natural habitats of numerous wild animals can be found in the park. The woods are a quiet shelter for typical forest inhabitants – wild-boar, deer, squirrels, foxes etc. Among the reptiles inhabiting the park 5 species are protected – the European pond turtle, Hermann’s and green tortoise and two species of snake. The birds’ kingdom is represented by 80 species. The park is one of the few places where pheasant can be seen. In spring and autumn, during the migration of birds, large flocks can be seen in the sky above the park as it is situated at the birds’ migration route called Via pontica.

• The Valley of Roses
To visit Bulgaria and not go to the Valley of Roses is to go to Egypt and not see the pyramids. The Valley of Roses is in the very heart of the country and is shielded by the high slopes of two majestic mountain ranges - the Balkan and Sredna Gora. For centuries Bulgarians have planted roses, picked their flowers and extracted their heavenly essence – attar of roses. The rose, a marvellous gift of the land, is admired and used in perfumery, pharmacy and food industry.
 
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